Sanger Sequencing

UT Genomics Core Facility

Service Overview

Sanger Sequencing is performed on an Applied Biosystems 3730 Genetic Analyzer, a 48 capillary electrophoresis instrument for DNA sequencing or DNA fragment analysis. For full service sequencing, users provide templates and primers in separate tubes and we perform the sequencing reactions using Applied Biosystem’s BigDye version 3.1. Some users choose to perform their own sequencing reactions and therefore provide dried “load only” reactions for sequencing at a discounted price. There is a further discount for “load only” reactions delivered in 96-well trays.

For DNA Templates:

  • 15 ng of DNA is required per 100 base pairs in 12 ul volumes or less
  • DNA should be eluted in water for best results
  • For a 5 kb plasmid requires 750 ng of template DNA
  • For a 500 bp PCR product, 75 ng of template are required.
  • Each primer constitutes one reaction, and primers should be provided at 10 uM concentration, 2 uL per reaction
  • Good quality starting template DNA should provide about 800-1000 bases of good quality sequence

Results

Electronic sequencing results for Sanger sequencing are sent via email as .ab1 or .seq files. The .seq file is an unedited text file used mostly for blasting into available databases. The .ab1 file is the Applied Biosystems electropherogram (chromatogram) file that is generated using ABI’s Sequencing Analysis Software. The sequence editing software Sequencher (GeneCodes) is available through the Genomics Core for installation on personal computers, allowing you to view, edit, and align multiple sequencing results files. The DNAStar software package is also available (see below for download instructions).

Processing

Samples for Sanger sequencing that are quantified and in the lab by 11:00 am should be processed with results emailed to the client by approximately noon the following day. All other services are performed on a first come, first served basis. The lab is open Monday thru Friday, 8:30AM – 4:30PM and is located in Room 347A of the Ken and Blaire Mossman Building.

We provide the commonly used plasmid primers:

M13Fwd (-20) – GTAAAACGACGGCCAGTG

M13Rev – AGGAAACAGCTATGACCATG

T7 promoter – TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG

T7 terminator – GCTAGTTATTGCTCAGCGG

SP6 – ATTTAGGTGACACTATAG

Sanger sequencing using Eurofins Genomics
(mail-in option at reduced cost)

As an alternative to in-house Sanger sequencing, we also offer drop boxes across campus for those researchers wishing to mail in their samples for sequencing. Samples are mailed overnight to Eurofins Genomics with results returned by, or before, noon the next day. The quality of your results is dependent upon the quality of DNA that you submit to Eurofins, so it is critical that you follow their directions in sample preparation and sample labeling (request free bar codes).

Please click below for instructions on how to prepare and mail samples to Eurofins Genomics:

Pricing

The current price for Eurofins Sanger sequencing is $4.00/tube or $3.00/well for 96-well plates. Eurofins offers >70 universal sequencing primers for free with your sequencing order. Shipping is also free. Results (.seq and .ab1 files) will be returned the next day before noon, including on Saturday.

Drop box locations:

  • Room 347A, Ken and Blaire Mossman Building (contact info: Joe May; bioseq@utk.edu; 865-974-6231)
  • Room 732, Science and Engineering Research Facility (SERF) (contact info: genomicscore@utk.edu; 865-974-8080)
  • The UTIA Omics Hub Lab, Plant Biotechnology Building, Room 308 (contact info: Sujata Agarwal; sagarwal@utk.edu; 865-974-0676)

TapeStation automated DNA/RNA electrophoresis

The Agilent 4200 TapeStation system is an established automated electrophoresis tool for DNA and RNA sample quality control. Fully automated sample processing enables the unattended analysis of size, concentration and integrity. Choose any sample number between 1 and 96. The system produces reliable results in as little as 1-2 minutes per sample.

Please contact Joe May at bioseq@utk.edu or 865-974-6231 for TapeStation access

Access to DNAStar Software

DNAStar is a powerful bioinformatics software package that provides sequence analysis, cloning and primer design as well as next-gen sequencing, gene expression, RNA-Seq, ChIP-Seq, and transcriptome analyses. This software is paid for by the Center for Environmental Biotechnology and the Departments of Microbiology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Genome Science & Technology. Faculty, staff, and students within these departments are provided free access to DNAStar. If other departments or individual labs wish to gain access, please contact Renee Johnson (rdjohns@utk.edu; 865-974-8080) to discuss payment options. Both PC and Mac versions are available. You can download a 14-day trial of DNAStar if you would like to test it before using.

Fragment/SNP analysis

Fragment/SNP analysis, such as AFLP, RFLP, and microsatellites, can be processed on the ABI 3730, which can detect five fluorescent colors, allowing for 4 unknowns and a size standard to be run per well. Recommended dye sets include D (3 unknowns per well: 6FAM, HEX, & NED, with ROX size standard) and G5 (4 unknowns per well: 6FAM, VIC, NED, & PET, with LIZ size standard). The instrument runs 48 samples at a time, and the Core has a minimum billing price of 48 samples. Contact the Core (bioseq@utk.edu or 865-974-6231) for information on sample preparation.

Costs

Sanger Sequencing, TapeStation, and Fragment/SNP Analysis

Services Internal University of Tennessee User Eurofins mail-in* External academic user External non-academic user
Full service sequencing $11.00 **$4.00 $12.00 $14.00
Full service sequencing 96 well tray N/A $3.00 N/A N/A
Load-Only sequencing $5.00 $1.00 $6.50 $7.50
Load-Only sequencing 96 well tray $4.50 $1.00 $6.00 $7.00
Fragment analysis (48 minimum) $223.00 N/A $288.00 $336.00
DNA Quantification prior to Sanger sequencing $1.50 N/A $2.00 $3.00
TapeStation standard sensitivity $5.00 N/A $5.50 $6.00
TapeStation high sensitivity $6.00 N/A $6.50 $7.00
TapeStation extra ladder TBD N/A TBD TBD
Extra Big Dye $1.00 N/A $1.00 $1.00
Labor/Training per hour $49.00 N/A $74.00 $81.00

*Eurofins offers a variety of other sequencing options. Please download their price sheet for more information.

**Eurofins offers a Power Read service for an additional $2.50/tube for difficult-to-sequence samples (i.e., templates with G/C-rich content, difficult secondary structures, homopolymeric sequences, tandem repeat stretches, bisulfite-treated DNA, shRNA, etc.).

Additional Services

The Core provides three different methods of DNA quantification, including the Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100, the Hoefer DynaQuant Fluorometer, and the ThermoScientific Nanodrop. The fluorometer and Nanodrop are available free of charge.
Affymetrix Gene Expression Instrument, which uses GeneChips to examine differential gene expression in a wide variety of cell types and tissues.
We are here to help you! If you have any questions on how to prepare your samples for Sanger sequencing, please contact Joe May at bioseq@utk.edu or 865-974-6231.